Gabatarwa: Ma'auni Tsakanin inganci da Tsaro
Akan sabon layin samar da batirin abin hawa makamashi, yayin da amatsakaicin mita tabo waldaya cika wurin walda a cikin daƙiƙa 0.3, zafin wutar lantarki a hankali ya tashi zuwa digiri 400; a cikin wani smart appliance sheet karfe walda taron, a lokacin da wani 3000A halin yanzu shiga daidai da galvanized karfe takardar, da electromagnetic radiation filin ya kai 50 sau 50 na talakawa iyali kayan. Waɗannan alkalumman suna tunatar da mu cewa amintaccen amfani da matsakaicin mitar tabo walda, "madaidaicin alƙalan walda" na masana'antar zamani, ƙalubalen fasaha ne da fasahar gudanarwa.
I. Kwance Gidauniyar Tsaro Kafin Aiki
Cikakken Kayan Aikin Dubawa
Kafin fara damatsakaicin mita tabo walda, dole ne a yi "tabbacin maki uku":
- Tabbatar da Insulation:Yi amfani da megohmmeter 500V don gwada juriya na kayan aiki, tabbatar da ƙimar Girma fiye da 5MΩ (kowace ma'aunin IEC 60974-1).
- Tabbatar da ƙasa:Yi amfani da gwajin juriya na ƙasa don tabbatar da juriyar layin PE ƙasa da ko daidai da 4Ω.
- Tabbatar da sanyi:Bincika cewa yawan kwararar tsarin sanyaya ruwa ya tsaya tsayin daka a 3-6L/min (daidaita bisa ikon kayan aiki).
- Bayanai daga kamfanin sassa na motoci sun nuna cewa: Kamfanonin da ke daidaita binciken fara aiki sun rage yawan gazawar kayan aiki da kashi 67% da kuma rashin lalacewa na lantarki da kashi 42%.
Daidaita Ma'aunin Kimiyya
Daidaita sigogin walda zuwa kaurin kayan:
- 0.5mm aluminum gami takardar: Shawarwari na yanzu 12-15kA, lokaci 8-12ms
- 1.2mm galvanized karfe takardar: shawarar halin yanzu 18-22kA, lokaci 15-20ms
- Mai kera kayan gida yayi kuskure ya saita sigogi don sanyi 1.5mm{1}}ƙarfe (25kA/30ms), yana haifar da zaizayar wutar lantarki don ƙara sauri sau 3, yana ƙara farashin lalacewa na shekara-shekara da 120,000 RMB.
Daidaitaccen Tsarin Kayan Kariya
Dole ne masu aiki su sa:
- ANSI Z87.1 ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tabarau na anti{1}
- Hutu{0}} (Mafi girma ko daidai da digiri 500) safar hannu na fata
- Tufafin kariya da harshen wuta{0}}Mafi girma ko daidai da NFPA 2112
- Binciken Societyungiyar Injiniya Welding na Japan ya nuna: Daidaitaccen saka kayan kariya yana rage yuwuwar haɗarin kuna da kashi 92%.
II. Sarrafa Tsaro Lokacin Aiki
Madaidaicin Gudanar da Tafarki na Yanzu
Kula da yankin tuntuɓar juna tsakanin workpiece da lantarki:
- Sauya tip ɗin lantarki nan da nan idan diamita lalacewa ya wuce 15%
- Kuskuren sanya kayan aiki a cikin ± 0.5mm
- Wani sabon kamfanin batirin makamashi ya sami ƙarancin ƙarfin walda na kashi 38% saboda yawan abin da aka sawa wutar lantarki (diamita sawa daga 8mm zuwa 6.2mm), wanda ke haifar da asarar tunawa da samfur sama da RMB miliyan 5.
Tsangwama na Zagaye mai Aiki
- Ƙirƙiri tsarin gargaɗin tara zafi na walda:
- Tsaya don minti 5 na sanyaya bayan 200 jere welds
- Fara sanyaya tilas idan zafin saman lantarki ya wuce digiri 150
- Bayanan takaddun shaida na TÜV Rheinland sun nuna: Ingantacciyar sarrafa zagayowar zafi na iya tsawaita rayuwar lantarki ta sau 2.3.
Garkuwar Radiation mai ƙarfi na Electromagnetic
- Saita kewaye da kayan aiki:
- Ƙarfin filin Magnetic Kasa da ko daidai da 100μT a 1m daga na'urar (Mizanin ICNIRP)
- Maɗaukaki{0}}martar garkuwar garkuwar radiyo mafi girma fiye da 30dB
- Wani ƙera na'urar likita ya shigar da garkuwar aluminium mai Layer biyu{0}, yana rage radiyon matsayi na ma'aikaci daga 85μT zuwa 28μT, yana biyan buƙatun yanayin samarwa na likita{3}.
III. Tabbacin Tsaro Bayan Rufewa
Daidaitaccen Tsarin Sakin Makamashi
- Bayan rufe kayan aikin, dole ne:
- Jira cajin bankin capacitor auto{0}} zuwa ƙasa da 50V (yana ɗaukar ~3-5 mintuna)
- Yi fitarwa na biyu na hannu ta amfani da sandar fitarwa
- Kamfanin sarrafa karafa ya jawo asarar RMB 200,000 kai tsaye daga hatsarin wutar lantarki saboda ba a bi hanyoyin fitarwa ba.
Gudanar da Kulawa na lokaci-lokaci
- Ƙirƙiri jaddawalin maye gurbin maɓalli:
- Tsarin sanyaya ruwa tace: Sauya kowane awa 500
- Tsarin wutar lantarki: Duba kowane sa'o'i 3000
- Gudanar da kewayawa: Tsabtace kura kowane wata shida
- Wani farar kaya ya karu MTBF (Ma'anar Ma'anar Tsakanin Kasawa) daga sa'o'i 1200 zuwa 2500 ta yin daidaitaccen kulawa.
Yanayi - tushen Abubuwan Amsar Gaggawa
- Gudanar da horo na musamman na wata-wata:
- Amsar gaggawa don mannewa da lantarki (da sauri yanke iska/karfi)
- Gudanar da gaggawa na ruwan sanyaya ruwa (kunna da'irar sanyaya ta baya)
- Kamfanin kera kayan aikin jirgin ya rage matsakaicin lokacin amsa abin da ya faru daga mintuna 8 zuwa dakika 90 ta hanyar atisayen kwaikwayo.
【Kammalawa: Tsaro shine ginshiƙin Juyin Fasaha】
Kamar yaddamatsakaicin mita tabo waldas karya 120 welds a cikin minti daya kuma sarrafa shigar da zafi ya kai daidai 0.1%, ƙimar amintattun hanyoyin aiki da nisa ya wuce rigakafin haɗari da kansa. Kamfanoni waɗanda ke aiwatar da ƙa'idodin aminci ba kawai sarrafa ƙimar rauni a ƙasa da 0.12‰ (matsakaicin masana'antu 0.85 ‰) amma kuma suna haɓaka haɓakar samarwa gabaɗaya ta 23% ta hanyar ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki. Wannan yana tabbatar da madawwamin ƙa'idar masana'antu: ci gaban fasaha na gaskiya koyaushe yana ginu akan tushe na kula da tsaro mai ƙarfi.
