Spot waldi injisun zama wani muhimmin yanki na kayan aiki a masana'antar ƙarfe na zamani, musamman a cikin masana'antar kera motoci da madaidaicin masana'antar lantarki, saboda ingancinsu, daidaito, da ingancin walda.
Koyaya, yawancin masu aiki galibi suna yin sulhu da sakamakon walda na ƙarshe saboda saitunan siga mara kyau lokacin amfani da injin ko canza kayan aiki. ƙware madaidaicin zaɓin siga da dabarun daidaitawa shine tsakiya don haɓaka aikin welder na MFDC da tabbatar da ingancin samfur.
Wannan labarin zai samar da bincike mai zurfi mai zurfi har yanzu mai isa ga manyan sigogin walda guda uku na MFDC spot welders: Welding Current, Welding Time, and Electrode Force, yana ba da shawarwari ingantawa masu amfani da bayanan bayanai masu inganci.
I. Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙirar Ƙirar Weld
Tsarin waldawar tabo na MFDC wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa na lantarki - thermal -tsari, kuma ingancinsa na farko ana ƙayyade shi ta waɗannan sigogi guda uku masu alaƙa.
1. Welding Current (I): The "Engine" na Heat Generation
Yanayin walda shine tushen farko na samar da zafi yayin waldawar tabo kuma mafi mahimmancin al'amari yana shafar girman nutmeg da ƙarfi. Fasahar inverter ta matsakaicin mitar tana ba da mafi daidaituwa kuma daidaitaccen fitarwa na DC na yanzu, yana tabbatar da shigar da kayan zafi iri ɗaya.
| Factor | Trend na Yanzu | Tasiri da Shawarwari |
| Aiki Kauri | Kai tsaye daidai da kauri | Yadudduka masu kauri suna buƙatar mafi girma na halin yanzu don tabbatar da isasshen girman ƙugiya. |
| Juyin Abu | Inversely gwargwado ga resistivity | Maɗaukakin kayan juriya{0} kamar bakin karfe yana buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin halin yanzu; ƙananan -kayan juriya kamar ƙaramin ƙarfe yana buƙatar mafi girman halin yanzu. |
| Diamita Fuskar Electrode | Kai tsaye daidai da diamita | Girman diamita na fuska yana rage girman halin yanzu; jimlar halin yanzu dole ne a ƙara da kyau don kula da yawa. |
Bayanin Magana Mai Aiki (Misali: Ƙarfe Mai laushi):
|
Kauri Guda Daya (mm) |
Nasihar Welding Range (kA) |
| 0.5 + 0.5 | 8 - 12 |
| 1.0 + 1.0 | 12 - 18 |
| 2.0 + 2.0 | 20 - 28 |
Nasihun ingantawa:
- Wuce kima na halin yanzu: Sauƙi yana haifar da mummunan korar (spatter), ƙarar ƙurar lantarki, da wuce gona da iri ko ƙonewa.
- Rashin Isasshen Yanzu: Sakamakon rashin isassun girman ƙugiya, yana haifar da walda mai sanyi ko ƙarancin ƙarfi.
- Kyakkyawan - Ƙa'idar Gyara: Don haɓaka aiki da daidaituwar walda, yi amfani da ɗan ƙarami mafi girma na yanzu da ɗan gajeren lokacin walda, muddin aka guji korar.
2. Lokacin walda (t): "Mai kula" na Tara Heat
Lokacin walda, tare da haɗin gwiwa, yana ƙayyade jimlar shigar da zafi yayin aikin walda ($ Q \\ propto I ^ 2Rt $). Ƙarfin masu walda MFDC don cimma miliyon daƙiƙa guda{2}} sarrafa madaidaicin matakin shine babban fa'ida akan masu walda AC na gargajiya.
Lokacin Welding na MFDC yawanci ya haɗa da matakan bugun jini da yawa:
| Matsayin bugun jini | Bayani | Tsawon Lokacin da aka Shawarta |
| Lokacin Matsi | Yana tabbatar da tuntuɓar lamba tsakanin lantarki da kayan aiki, yana kawar da giɓi. | 100 - 500 ms |
| Lokacin Weld | Ainihin lokacin kwarara na yanzu da aka yi amfani da shi don samar da nugget. | 50 - 250 ms |
| Rike Lokaci | Lokacin da lantarki ke kula da matsa lamba bayan an yanke halin yanzu, yana ba da damar nugget ya yi sanyi da ƙarfafawa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, yana hana raguwa da raguwa. | 100 - 300 ms |
| Kashe Lokaci | Lokacin tazara don walda don shirya don wuri na gaba. | 50 - 150 ms |
Nasihun ingantawa:
- Lokaci da Haɗin kai na Yanzu: Yawan lokacin walda yana haifar da tarin zafi mai yawa, mai yuwuwar haifar da zafi da kuma kora; rashin isasshen lokaci, koda tare da babban halin yanzu, na iya haifar da walda mai sanyi saboda rashin isasshen zafi. Haɗin "High Current, Short Time" gabaɗaya an fi so don rage zafi{1} yankin da abin ya shafa (HAZ) da haɓaka haɓakar samarwa.
- Multi{0}Aikace-aikacen bugun bugun jini: Don kayan musamman (misali, ƙarfe mai galvanized), ta amfani da dual{3}}pulse ko multi- sarrafa bugun jini yana ba da damar ingantacciyar sarrafa rarraba zafi da samuwar nugget.
3. Ƙarfin Electrode (F): "Guarantor" na Tuntuɓi da Ƙarfafawa
Ƙarfin Electrode shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci wanda ke tabbatar da kusanci tsakanin kayan aikin, yana rage juriyar lamba, kuma yana amfani da ƙirƙira yayin da nugget ke ƙarfafawa.
| Ƙarfin Ƙarfi | Rashin Isasshen Ƙarfi | Burin Ingantawa |
| Yankin tuntuɓar yana ƙaruwa, ɗimbin yawa na yanzu yana raguwa, yana hana samuwar nugget. | Juriya na tuntuɓar juna ya yi yawa, cikin sauƙi yana haifar da firgita mai tsanani da ƙonewar ƙasa. | Tabbatar da m workpiece lamba da samar da isasshen ƙirƙira matsa lamba bayan nugget samuwar. |
Bayanin Magana Mai Aiki (Misali: Ƙarfe Mai laushi):
| Kauri Guda Daya (mm) | Shawarar Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Electrode (kN) |
| 0.5 + 0.5 | 1.5 - 3.0 |
| 1.0 + 1.0 | 3.0 - 5.0 |
| 2.0 + 2.0 | 5.0 - 8.0 |
Nasihun ingantawa:
- Ƙarfin Ƙarfi da Ma'auni na Yanzu: Yayin da ƙarfi ya ƙaru, juriyar lamba yana raguwa, yana buƙatar haɓaka daidai a halin yanzu don rama asarar zafi.
- Karfi da Korar: Rashin isasshen ƙarfi shine babban dalilin korar. Ƙarfafa ƙarfin da ya dace zai iya murkushe spatter yadda ya kamata ba tare da yin la'akari da yawa na yanzu ba.
II. Aikace-aikace na Musamman: Ƙayyadaddun Welding da Dual-Tsarin bugun jini don Karfe mai Galvanized
Galvanized karfe yana gabatar da buƙatu mafi girma akan sigogin walda na tabo saboda babban bambanci tsakanin ma'aunin narkewar murfin tutiya (kimanin . 419 digiri, wurin tafasa kimanin{1}} digiri) da ƙaramin ƙarfe (madaidaicin narkewa kimanin digiri).
1. Kalubale a Welding Galvanized Karfe
- Tsangwama Layer na Zinc: Layer na zinc yana yin tururi a yanayin zafi mai yawa, yana haifar da tururi na zinc wanda ke haifar da fitarwa kuma yana gurɓata fuskar lantarki.
- Wear Electrode: Zinc yana amsawa tare da kayan lantarki na jan karfe don samar da gami da tagulla, yana haɓaka lalacewa na lantarki.
- Ingancin Nugget: Turin Zinc na iya hana samuwar nugget, yana lalata ƙarfin walda.
2. Core Technique: Dual -Pulse (Pre-Heat) Welding
Don magance matsalar Layer na Zinc, masu walda MFDC sukan yi amfani da dabaran Dual -Pulse ko Pre{1}}Heat Pulse:
- Pre{0}Zafi Pulse (Ƙananan Yanzu, Gajeren Lokaci): Ana amfani da ƙaramin bugun jini na yanzu don kafin{1}} zazzage kayan aikin kuma a hankali share ko vaporize Layer na zinc a cikin wurin tuntuɓar, yana samar da kyakkyawan yanayin tuntuɓar babban walda na gaba.
- Main Weld Pulse (High Current, Short Time): Bayan an sarrafa Layer na zinc yadda ya kamata, ana amfani da babban ruwa mai ƙarfi don samar da ingantaccen ƙugiya mai inganci cikin hanzari.
Maganar Sigar Welding Karfe na Galvanized (0.8mm + 0.8mm):
| Siga | Pre{0}Zafi Pulse | Main Weld Pulse |
| Yanzu (kA) | 5 - 8 | 15 - 20 |
| Lokaci (ms) | 30 - 50 | 80 - 120 |
|
Ƙarfin Electrode (kN) |
3.5 - 4.5 (Kwanaki) | 3.5 - 4.5 (Kwanaki) |
III. Tsarin Saitin Siga na Kimiyya da Ƙwarewar Aiki
Saita sigogin walda na MFDC ba "aikin guda ɗaya" ba ne amma tsarin aiki, gwaji, da ingantawa.
1. Tsarin Saitin Siga na Kimiyya
1. Ƙayyade Ƙayyadaddun Ƙira:Tuntuɓi ginshiƙi ƙayyadaddun walda da aka ba da shawarar wanda masana'anta na walda suka bayar dangane da kayan aiki, kauri, da nau'in lantarki don samun ƙimar farko don halin yanzu, lokaci, da ƙarfi.
2. Gudanar da Gwajin Farko:Yi amfani da sigogi na farko don walda tabo 10-20 kuma yi gwajin lalata (kamar gwajin kwasfa) don lura da girman ƙugiya da ƙarfin walda.
3. Kiyaye Al'amuran walda:
- Korar Tsanani: Da farko bincika idan Ƙarfin Electrode ya isa; abu na biyu, la'akari da idan Welding Current ya yi yawa.
- Rashin Isasshen Nugget/Cold Weld: Ainihin haɓaka walda a halin yanzu; abu na biyu, daidai gwargwado kara lokacin Weld.
- Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Sama: Rage Ƙarfin Electrode ko Welding Current.
4.Kyakkyawa{1}} Inganta Tunatarwa:Daidaita siga guda ɗaya kawai a lokaci ɗaya, a cikin ƙarin 5% zuwa 10%, har sai an sami ƙarfin walda da bayyanar da ake buƙata.
5.Tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali:Gudanar da dogon lokaci{0}, ci gaba da gwaje-gwajen walda tare da ingantattun sigogi don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin yanayi kamar lalacewa da yanayin zafi.
2. Abũbuwan amfãni da Nagartattun Ayyuka na MFDC Welders
Babban -madaidaicin ikon walda na MFDC ana danganta shi da ci-gaba na tsarin sarrafa su:
- Rufe {{0}Ikon Maɗaukakin Yanzu:Welder yana lura da ainihin abin fitarwa na yanzu a cikin ainihin lokaci kuma yana gyara shi da sauri gwargwadon ƙimar da aka saita, yana tabbatar da daidaito da daidaiton halin yanzu, wanda bai shafe shi ta hanyar grid ko canje-canjen juriyar aikin aiki ba.
- Sarrafa Tudu na Yanzu:Yana ba da damar halin yanzu don haɓaka ko raguwa a hankali akan ƙayyadadden lokaci. Yin amfani da hawan sama yadda ya kamata yana rage korar farko kuma yana haɓaka rarraba zafi iri ɗaya; ta amfani da kayan aikin ƙasa a cikin kwanciyar hankali na nutmeg.
- Ma'ajiyar Takamaimai da yawa{{0}:Masu kula da walda na MFDC na zamani na iya adana da yawa ko ma ɗaruruwan ƙayyadaddun walda, ba da damar masu amfani su canza da sauri tsakanin kayan aiki daban-daban, suna ba da damar masana'anta masu sassauƙa.
Kammalawa
Kafa ma'auni don Matsakaicin Tabo Welder tsari ne da ke buƙatar haɗin jagorar ka'idar da ƙwarewar aiki.
Babban mahimmanci yana cikin fahimtar alaƙa da haɗin kai tsakanin Welding Current, Welding Time, da Electrode Force.
Ta bin tsarin saitin kimiyya da yin amfani da daidaitaccen sarrafa walda na MFDC na musamman da fasaha na bugun jini da yawa, musamman ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bugun jini don kayan musamman kamar galvanized karfe, zaku sami damar haɓaka ingancin walda, tsawaita rayuwar lantarki, kuma a ƙarshe rage farashin samarwa, samun ingantaccen samar da walda.
